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Fedi Admins of Lemmy, How do you keep your servers up to date without increasing downtime
(lemmy.blahaj.zone)
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Perform automatic updates and reboot when necessary.
If one is serious about hosting this, it's best to isolate the services. One container or VM or reach service, with (probably) physical hosts for the DBs.
Schema change is more involved, but backup then update. If you have read only db, it should sync the changes when reconnected.
Realistically, federated data will be re-sent if the recipient doesn't respond, so a few minutes of downtime is not the end of the world. At least that's how mastodon works - not sure about Lemmy but I'm presuming it operates in a similar fashion.
Couldn't auto updates break things if they arnt tested?
They should be tested upstream of you, assuming you aren't using customized (eg roll your own) versions of any of the ancillary software (php, pgsql, redis, etc). Generally configs are either merged or not adopted, and you can restrict version upgrades to non major releases, if there's chances of breakages between them (eg moving from pgsql 9 to 10, etc).