this post was submitted on 13 Jul 2023
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Linux
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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The key is in the name. Whoever distributes the software to you determines whether it's commercial or community. Where they get it from is irrelevant because they're the ones distributing it to you.
Ubuntu can't be made closed-source because of the licensing of the software they use from upstream. Red Hat is still not closed source, for instance. Everyone who gets it gets access to the source code. But if Ubuntu went away or whatever then downstream distributions would be in a spot of trouble. They could rebase on Debian (which is what Ubuntu is based upon), but how hard that would be varies wildly depending on distro. Linux Mint already have a Debian edition, for instance. No problem there. Pop OS would certainly be able to make it work as well; they're a very professional operation. But take, for example, Endeavour OS. It's Arch with a graphical installer and some nice defaults. Without Arch Linux (which is almost certainly not going anywhere and is a community distro) they'd have some real problems. There's no upstream to Arch to rebase on. They'd have to so fundamentally change everything to accomodate a whole new base and packaging system that they'd basically be making a whole new distro.
Thank you for the explanations! Which are the "most upstream" community-based ones? From what I gather, Arch, Debian, OpenSUSE?
Off the top of my head, it'd be Debian, Arch, Void, and Gentoo. There are others that are debatable.
Don't forget Solus!
I'm happy solus is coming back. I don't think there are any downstream distro and when solus 5 hits it will be downstream of serpent OS.
Perhaps fair, but since they're planning to move downstream of Serpent OS, they're not gonna be an independant distro for much longer and probably shouldn't count in the broader context of this thread.
I also didn't count a bunch of distros with atypical functionality (like NixOS, Alpine, Slackware, etc), just because they tend to have very particular usecases and maybe aren't well-suited as general recommendations if someone's looking for a typical Linux experience, but YMMV.