Probably to continue getting 'Gulf Region'-rich off the back of the oil it found in an area that is internationally recognised as their territory.

Even Venezuela recognised it as part of Guyana's EEZ until very recently.

After Maduro mismanaged one of the most resource rich countries into basically a failed state, he's now trying to cling to power the tried and true way: stoking a pointless war with its neighbour.

Best case he's trying to rally support for a 2025 election, or use the threat of as an excuse to say the election. Worst case he's gonna do a Putin and actually start a war. Not a bad time for it either, whilst the world is already distracted with Ukraine and and Gaza.

Here's a decent video summary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQ7fTSirNDs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQ7fTSirNDs if you want to watch a video all about the situation, and history, instead of having to read up on it.

TLDR though: To keep the borders they've had for like 100ish years, it's a low population poorer country that is now rising in wealth due to a lot of oil in their exclusive economic zone thanks to the current borders. Their neighbor wants 2/3 of their territory, and control to the large supply of quality oil.

I would still watch the video though, was very informative.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93Venezuela_territorial_dispute summarizes the history. I think what Guyana wants is the status quo.