this post was submitted on 29 Jul 2023
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Linux
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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The problem here is that there are so many linux distros that are trying to do their own thing. Sure, a Debian-based distro would use apt, but a lot of the other distros like Void and Fedora use different package managers to suit their needs. I personally use Arch Linux, and that uses pacman which is my manager of preference. There are packages that I cannot find and/or install via pacman and the AUR due to them either not being built as an Arch binary, or being left abandoned by the developer who couldn't bother supporting multiple distros and their package managers, or not having a compatible dependency built for my system.
Flatpaks and AppImages allow for a developer to place an application and all its dependencies in a neatly packaged group. This allows developers to only need to create one package that works on many distros and won't be affected by dependency changes. I use a Flatpak package for Steam because, due to the rolling-release-nature of my distro, sometimes the native install breaks and/or doesn't open properly.
In theory, Snap works in a similar way as the other two, but that is a proprietary package manager that doesn't work on my distro without far much more effort than needed for any proprietary software should ever need to get working ever.
The only real downside to these package managers that I've seen is that the package size is larger than any native install. I am personally fine with this tradeoff however, as I have gotten quite used to building Python container environments recently.