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Yeah I also don't understand this part. Can the antibodies targeting the bare spike protein attach to it despite the presence of the sugars? Or are there a few spike proteins in the virus which do not have the sugars, not enough to effectively develop antibodies but enough for already existing antibodies to attach to?
I may have missed it in the article, I'm not in life sciences so I don't have all the prerequisite knowledge for this
Edit: this came out sounding super negative, I'm actually super excited about this development and all I want is to understand a bit better how it works
Yes same, I see they've gotten a positive result so I assume there's a process, I just don't understand it.
from what ive gathered from the abstract,t he glycosolation prevents a more robust immune response, less antibody titers, when they removed it they noticed the immune system recognizes the spike proteins more easily so a stronger immune response and more antibody produced, and a longer titre of antibodies.
first when they removed the "glycans" it revealed more of the protein of the virus, so the immune system recognizes different parts or more of it, so stronger and longer last immune response. the conserved parts is the parts of the proteins that dont mutate much so its easier to become immune to it, the sugars originally hid that part.
Generally I think you've got it. One thing to add, when you say protein above it's specifically the Spike Protein.
This article goes into it on a much deeper level than I would be able to explain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_spike_protein
"The function of the spike glycoprotein is to mediate viral entry into the host cell by first interacting with molecules on the exterior cell surface and then fusing the viral and cellular membranes. " Because the spike protein is needed for mediating viral entry to the cell it has to remain in a particular structure to do that job. And so major changes to it would make it work less effectively, some minor changes might not, thus is is relatively unchanging a.k.a. conserved, because if it changed on a given virus particle, that particle wouldn't function, and thus wouldn't replicate.
i imagine scientists were looking to targeting the Conserved portions of the protein, basiclaly sequences, amino acids dont change that much or mutate because its necessary for the stability of the protein. the current ones target the mutagenic parts. I do read up research on viruses alot, especially the research paper, its pretyt interesting how different virus uses different host evasion systems.