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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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Puppy Linux runs on a potato of any architecture and is super user friendly (grandpa certified)! Only 300 MB or so. https://puppylinux-woof-ce.github.io/
I know a lot of people recommended Mint, which I personally use on my very modern budget gaming pc, but you should really try Puppy Linux, it's meant for the exact use case you're describing.
I'd suggest Debian with LXDE, which, from my personal experience, works pretty fine on low-end computers. You can replace LXDE with your choice of Windows Managers for an even lighter system, but that might be a little hard if you've never used Linux before.
Considering that you're planning to use this with family members who aren't tech savvy, and as you're essentially new to Linux yourself, I would suggest something like Zorin OS. The familiarity and ease of use should help you get started fairly quickly, even for newbies. There are a lot of other great distros, of course, some of which were mentioned here, but the learning curve for those can be just a bit steeper. As someone who's essentially the "tech guy" of the family, believe me when I say you don't want them to keep bugging you about questions or tech help because they "don't understand" Linux. You want something that you just install and leave be.
Speaking of something that you can just install and leave, this isn't strictly Linux, but a great OS to use for non-tech savvy family members is Chrome OS. Get Chrome OS Flex, install it on an old laptop, give it to your family members and call it a day. I've had success with it for some of my family members who've wanted to revive old laptops. It's a lot more limited than full featured desktop operating systems, of course, but it's perfectly suitable for the basic stuff. Best of all, it's so easy to use that you usually wouldn't even have to play tech support for your family for it.
For a more "friendly flavored" distro, MX Linux is Debian-based and comes with a bunch of quality of life tools
My favorite very light is peppermintOS, I think you may have to go back to version 10 for 32 bit though.
since you're a noob, idk if this will be very helpful to you, but
i used debian with awesomewm on an old pentium 4 from 2004-2005 and it was pretty fast! like a modern low-end computer. but you'd have to configure it to be noob-friendly/have patient users. i don't mind it cuz i enjoy tinkering, but i imagine it could be very frustrating for other people.
i'd give you my awesomewm config (i configured it to be super minimal, but also familiar, as i was trying to create a desktop environment that could be used on older machines), but unfortunately my desktop no longer has a power supply, so i can't access it :')
I'd suggest Linux mint Debian edition, at least for the 32bit machine. Many distros have stopped supporting 32bit lately.
It should be fairly user friendly.
Puppy Linux is made for old machines and generally just works. You can boot it up on a live USB and see what you think. Lots of flavours to choose from.
I would suggest Mint. Considering the hardware, the XFCE version. Have you looked into any hardware upgrades for these machines? I've found that a simple ram or hdd-->ssd upgrade can be rather inexpensive these days.
Strongly Agreed. Linux mint isn't the lightest OS around, but it's a great entry into Linux for a windows user.
It may be worth going on cragislist or Ebay for hardware upgrades - Lots of people are parting out computers of this era while they can still be sold instead of turning into e-waste
There are a lot of distros which are more focused on old hardware than Mint, but Mint definitely wins in the "this distro will be familiar and discoverable to people who are used to Windows" department. If it works, it's great for that reason.
Ya, I think in a case like this, it's best to go with the most user friendly and easy to pick up distro
Try mint with Xfce - on 64 bit machines and then go lighter.
alright and are you sure that is the best starter option? also what can i do on linux compared to windows?
There's very little windows can do, which linux can't also. The difference will be in how, and how easily.
Often the answer is just "install the same program, and just use it like normal". Other times, you have to go out of your way to get something running using wine.
For this, bottles is a GUI manager that can make life a lot easier.
Something that uses XFCE is a really good starting point for weak hardware. And mint is a good option for someone new to linux. It is based on ubuntu, and there is plenty of info online on how do things on ubuntu.
It also has good default repos, meaning you'll be able to find and install most software you might need, without having to start fiddling with custom software repos.
I recommend arch linux. Also most desktop environment are light enough to run on old hardware. Just disable file content indexing
I'd have to respectfully disagree with you here, as despite arch being a great distro, I wouldn't say that it's very noob-friendly
I'd like to do something similar on my Pentium 3 box. Maybe Debian with a really light WM would be a good fit, maybe IceWM? It only has 512MB of RAM though so I might have to go even lighter than Debian. I also have an Athlon XP box with 2GB of RAM, but that's too new to be fun. :p
Puppy Linux runs on a potato of any architecture and is super user friendly (grandpa certified)! Only 300 MB or so for the OS and very little RAM use. https://puppylinux-woof-ce.github.io/