How did the Spanish word "éxito" come to mean "success"? (beehaw.org)

submitted 8 months ago by curiosityLynx@beehaw.org to c/linguistics@lemmy.ml

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The word éxito in Spanish (and cognates in other iberian romance languages) has the meaning of success, but it is a cognate of English "exit".

According to Wiktionary, they all come from Latin "exitus", which is a participle of "exire", which literally means "to go out/outside, to exit, to leave".

Also on the Wiktionary page for this word is someone asking about this apparent semantic shift in Spanish, which got me wondering as well. Further googling only told me that it's not just Spanish but also Galician and Portuguese, possibly more.

Does anyone have information on how this shift developed? Or is the written evidence we have so poor that it might just as well have suddenly acquired the current meaning overnight as gradually over several generations and we wouldn't be able to tell?

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[-] banana_meccanica@feddit.it 1 points 8 months ago

Failure is "fracaso". So you can exit and feeling good to have make it (éxito) or completely get destroyed by failure and never exit from your failure, living a life of despair and never be able to find the exit.

[-] Tvkan@feddit.de 1 points 8 months ago

According to Wiktionary, they all come from Latin "exitus", which is a participle of "exire", which literally means "to go out/outside, to exit, to leave".

I think that's pretty similar to the origins of success:

Learned borrowing from Latin successus, from succēdō (“succeed”), from sub- (“next to”) + cēdō (“go, move”). Partly displaced native Old English spēd, whence Modern English speed.

Both seem to (!) relate to finishing a task, and might've gained the positive connotation later on.

this post was submitted on 01 Nov 2023

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