submitted 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago) by vsis@feddit.cl to c/selfhosted@lemmy.world

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Hello. Let's say I want to selfhost an email server (smtp + imap) that only will be used to receive email.

I only will send email internally (from my domain to my domain) and receive from 3rd parties.

Should I setup DKIM, DMARC, SPF and reverse IP lookup?

To be honest, I'm having a bit of hard time understanding the madness of email authentication. So I can't figure it out by myself if those mechanisms are needed in my case.

I haven't deployed anything, but probably will use Stalwart. It looks like it's easy to deploy. Is there any other beginner-friendly email service I should read about?

Thanks!

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[-] lemmy_in@lemm.ee 23 points 5 months ago

You should definitely set up a DMARC record to prevent other people from using your email domain to send spam. If you don't have DMARC configured, other email servers will give any senders the benefit of the doubt and accept mail that claims to be from your domain.

You can just set the DMARC record to reject 100% of unverified mail and call it a day. Since you aren't sending anything it won't affect you.

[-] taladar@sh.itjust.works 11 points 5 months ago

I would also set up SPF to disallow all IPs to send mail for that domain in case some system supports SPF but not DMARC.

[-] vsis@feddit.cl 8 points 5 months ago

Thanks to both of you.

I had the hope that DMARC, SPF and DKIM was stuff I could just ignore if not sending email. It seems I was wrong about that.

[-] taladar@sh.itjust.works 6 points 5 months ago

Those three are really not all that complicated, basically (apart from DKIM which you can ignore when not sending) they are just a couple of TXT DNS records you need to set once for your domain. Even if you were using DKIM it is just a keypair you generate and then put the public key into a DNS TXT record and configure your mail server to use the private key.

[-] funkajunk@lemm.ee 8 points 5 months ago

Just to flesh that out a bit... All you need is to add a TXT record to your DNS records:

Name: _dmarc.yourdomain.com

Value: v=DMARC1; p=reject; pct=100

[-] lemmyvore@feddit.nl 6 points 5 months ago

will give any senders the benefit of the doubt and accept mail that claims to be from your domain.

You misspelled "black-hole your domain forever".

[-] Dirk@lemmy.ml 5 points 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago)

Some strict mail servers even blacklist you if the DMARC record is missing.

[-] 69420@lemmy.world 2 points 5 months ago

Some servers blacklist you even if you have DMARC, SPF, DKIM, DNS setup perfectly, but your IP is in a block of addresses that may or may not have been hosted by the same ISP of some unrelated server that was possibly compromised 10 years before you even set up the mail server. Ask me how I know.

[-] conorab@lemmy.conorab.com 2 points 5 months ago

Some servers blacklist you no matter what you do because you’re not a big player in the e-mail space… Outlook. Fuck Outlook. M365 doesn’t do that though.

Also the idea that reverse IPs are needed (in practice) when SPF, DKIM and DMARC are in use is insane. I have literally told you my public key and signed the e-mail. It’s me. You don’t need to check the damn PTR!

[-] TCB13@lemmy.world 5 points 5 months ago

Is there any other beginner-friendly email service I should read about?

https://workaround.org/

If you don't want to setup everything as you should there's also https://mailinabox.email/ and https://docs.mailcow.email/

[-] vsis@feddit.cl 3 points 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago)

https://workaround.org/

Wow! this is exactly what I needed. Although, I didn't exactly ask for it.

Thank you very much

[-] TCB13@lemmy.world 2 points 5 months ago

You’re welcome.

[-] redcalcium@lemmy.institute 3 points 5 months ago

Should I setup DKIM, DMARC, SPF and reverse IP lookup?

This is no brainer to setup using mailcow. Just need to copy paste the provided TXT values from mailcow ui into your dns entries.

Mailcow is fantastic and very easy to deploy. I highly recommend it.

[-] conorab@lemmy.conorab.com 2 points 5 months ago

If your domain will NEVER send e-mail out, you only really need and SPF record to tell other servers to drop e-mail FROM your domain. Even that’s somewhat optional. If you ever plan on sending ANY outbound (you should at very least for the occasional ticket) then do DKIM, DMARC and SPF. The more of these you do, the less likely e-mails FROM your domain are to be flagged as spam.

this post was submitted on 30 Jan 2024

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