This is about a lot more than minerals and resources, and while you can't extricate those motivations from the larger rational, first and foremost this war was about regime security, or at least Putin's perception on the issue.
And then when it hit a brick wall almost immediately, it really increased Putin's concerns about his regime security.
Modern air defense is layered, and latest generations are layered and networked.
Short, medium, and long range all have different kill methods/platforms, but may share radar and sensors suites, along with command and control systems.
The operator, system, or mixture of both, then decides which targets are threats, and which kill system to engage them with.