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I've done a bit of googling around about e15 gas, and I'm not gonna lie, I really don't know what to make of it, there seems to be a whole lot of contradictory info about it out there, some sources say it's cleaner, others say it's dirtier, and pretty much all of the articles I can find feel like they've been bought and paid for by one big megacorp or another.
When I kind of try to average together what I've read, and make no mistake I'm no scientist so I very well may be way off the mark on this, I think what I've come up with, is that it's worse for smog and general air quality, but better in terms of greenhouse gas emissions.
It's also ever so slightly more renewable, though really that's kind of a negligible difference, 85% of it is still basically just regular gasoline, and the regular gas you usually buy is probably 10% ethanol anyway, so it really doesn't make a major change in terms of how much petroleum you're burning at the end of the day.
As far as saving money goes, you may get slightly worse MPG and/or performance using it, although annecdotally when I've used it, any difference was completely unnoticeable to me, YMMV (literally) depending on your car, the kind of driving you do, etc.
There's also a deep rabbit hole to go down about corn subsidies and such that I'm not going to touch with a 10 foot pole right now.
If, and that's a big "if," my assessment is right, which I'm by no means confident about so please don't take this as anything other than the musings of some asshole on the internet who's skimmed a bunch of articles and is trying to piece together the facts, I kind of feel like this may be a bit of a wash. Probably something that needs to be really considered at the local or individual level to weigh the pros and cons, taking things into account like what your local air quality is like, how efficient your vehicle is, what you'd do with the money you save, etc.
Of course, everyone should do some research about this, make some informed decisions, seek out more info, be skeptical of claims on both sides, etc. Please do not take my word for it, my words, thoughts, and opinions about this issue aren't really worth anything.
As someone from the flyover states, the subsidies and the monstrous amount of lobbying done by the ag industry are exhausting, but are the majority of the reason behind why the information you're seeing seems sketchy. Take any pro-e85 argument with that in mind.
Also, as a side note, you don't need to be perfect to have an opinion :) Your disclaimer is about basic research literacy so don't fear adding to a discussion because someone might engage in bad faith. And yes, I am projecting my own anxiety onto my perception of your statement, lol.
I just tend to hedge my bets with lots of disclaimers for things I'm not totally sure of. I know I'm not an expert on these matters, and I don't want anyone taking what I say and spreading it has hard facts when I know there's a real possibility that I may have it completely wrong. Hopefully no one can read my comment and go "well this guy sure seems to know what he's talking about, I'm going to take his word for it and tell all of my friends," but maybe it'll get them to take a second look, see what info is out there and be mindful about where that information is coming from and try to draw their own conclusions.
And really, as far as having an opinion goes, this shouldn't really be the kind of thing we're dealing in opinions about. This should just be a matter of hard facts and numbers, but unfortunately due to industries like agriculture and oil sticking their fingers into, those hard facts are usually too hard for most of us to come by, so we're kind of left with nothing but opinions based on what spotty facts we have.
The tricky thing about ethanol blends is that you end up getting into similar issues to literal rocket science. In modern (and modernish) engines, up to E15 is generally well-handled, though does potentially increase wear. The tricky part is "why stop at E15?". The reason for that is energy density.
You know that mention of rocket science? Well, one of the important things to consider in chemical rockets is the mass and energy density of the fuel. It needs to move both the rocket and itself. When it comes to automotive fuel, energy density is also vital and ethanol has about half of the energy density of petrol. The tipping point where the reduction in energy density overcomes the excess energy stored in the petrol is about 15%.
After the tipping point, the ethanol blend tends to create more pollution per mile/km because if its impact on the fuel's energy density - more fuel is required to travel a particular distance, causing more pollutants from the petrol to be emitted. At that point, it's probably less polluting to run a 100% ethanol "blend" in a motor designed for it.