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submitted 6 months ago by L4s@lemmy.world to c/technology@lemmy.world

Politically-engaged Redditors tend to be more toxic -- even in non-political subreddits::A new study links partisan activity on the Internet to widespread online toxicity, revealing that politically-engaged users exhibit uncivil behavior even in non-political discussions. The findings are based on an analysis of hundreds of millions of comments from over 6.3 million Reddit users.

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[-] SnotFlickerman@lemmy.blahaj.zone 88 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

Political topics are also the topics that are most strongly gamed by political actors using Persona Management software to make it seem like their opinion is in the majority. The idea that people who participate in things such as "forum sliding" aren't toxic in their interactions is absurd, so we're left with assuming a large number of these toxic accounts aren't actually real people.

I'm not saying people deep into politics can't be toxic. Plenty of them are, sure. However, it's in the interest of people with political power (especially politicians with politically unpopular ideas) to make regular people not want to participate in politics. One way you do that is to make all political people seem unhinged, angry, and just terrible. People wonder why hardly anyone votes in elections, this kind of stuff is why, and it's not on accident that these folks seem like the majority.

I'm fully convinced the majority of them are bots trying to make politics in general seem more toxic than it actually is to dissuade more people from even wanting to be involved. The intent is to drive political apathy.


Sources:

US government developing Persona Management software in 2011: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/mar/17/us-spy-operation-social-networks

Eglin Air Force Base is most "Reddit Addicted City" in 2014: https://web.archive.org/web/20160604042751/http://www.redditblog.com/2013/05/get-ready-for-global-reddit-meetup-day.html

One of many research papers on Persona Management and Influencing Social Networks from Eglin AFB: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1402.5644.pdf


Helpful Reading Materials:

The Gentleperson's Guide To Forum Spies: https://cryptome.org/2012/07/gent-forum-spies.htm

[-] pelespirit@sh.itjust.works 25 points 6 months ago

100% agree with you. The worst part is the bots are getting better and better. I have a policy that you respond once to clarify and then walk away. These are for obvious bad actors, but now they're seeming more and more like decent people with a flawed idea until you keep talking and realize it's a bot. I don't know how to counteract that.

[-] voidMainVoid@lemmy.world 38 points 6 months ago

I don't know how to counteract that.

Simple. You don't. When I'm debating, I'm usually not trying to convince the person I'm debating with. I'm trying to convince a disinterested third party who reads the exchange later.

[-] pelespirit@sh.itjust.works 11 points 6 months ago

I completely agree that it's for the later people, it's just a waste of time for me when it's become a lengthy thread that nobody is going to read anyway.

The other thing they do is a bot attack of taking what people are saying, changing it, and then posting a lot of them to bury comments that they don't want others to see. Not sure how to counteract that either.

[-] EatATaco@lemm.ee 10 points 6 months ago

How do you know they're actually bots? 90% of the time, when I'm debating with someone who is passionately defending their position, they'll at some point accuse me of being a bot or a shill. I also can't recall any time I've debated someone and have been convinced they are a bot.

I'm just skeptical as it's a convenient ad hominem.

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[-] alvvayson@lemmy.world 10 points 6 months ago

Up until a few weeks ago, it seemed these bots were mostly absent on Lemmy.

But recently, I have noticed they have arrived here, too.

I fully agree with your analysis.

[-] deweydecibel@lemmy.world 14 points 6 months ago

In what way? Lemmy has been very political from the start. It arguably got less-so after the influx of redditors.

What are you seeing in the last month or so that makes you think there's something more abnormal happening than usual?

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[-] thepiggz@programming.dev 6 points 6 months ago

Intriguing. I don’t totally know what I think about this argument. A purposeful initiative to make politics toxic to get people to stop paying attention. It’s not one I had totally considered before. You think that’s really going on?

I have had many experiences with real people not on the internet that seem to fixate largely on politics and believe so fervently that they are right that they allow themselves to become toxic. I always thought it was a kind of inconsistent latent belief in utilitarianism combined with overconfidence.

[-] SnotFlickerman@lemmy.blahaj.zone 10 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

I'm not saying those people don't really exist, there are tons of them out there for sure, but we also have extensive evidence of governments doing this.

GCHQ in the UK had JTRIG using many forum disruption techniques.

There's also the Five Eyes and how they use information sharing to essentially do an end-run around being able to spy on their own citizens. Technically, they're not spying on their own citizens, a foreign nation is, they just so happen to have an agreement with that foreign nation to get info on their own citizens.

The US definitely engages in this kind of stuff on foreign nations as well. They tried to create a social media service for Cuba to influence Cuban politics and do information gathering.

Do either the UK or the US have to spy on their own citizens if they can rely on each other to run influence campaigns in each others countries? The US had to apologize to Angela Merkel for tapping her phone.

Israel has many different programs aimed at managing the PR of the state of Israel online. From paying college students to speak positively of Israel online to having "Think Tanks" use teams of people to influence Wikipedia.

We know that Hacking Team was selling their surveillance software to oppressive regimes, who were definitely using it to oppress the population. If they're using these kind of tools, they're using online disinformation tools as well.

So once again, there's tons of real life absolute maniacs when it comes to politics. There's also incentive for governments around the world to run influence campaigns for pennies on the dollar with digital tools in the digital world.

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[-] Kusimulkku@lemm.ee 50 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

I'd imagine the same is true for Lemmy and politically engaged people (at least online) overall.

[-] paholg@lemm.ee 25 points 6 months ago

I'm not so sure. The study discusses specifically people who engage in partisan subreddits, which is not the same as being politically engaged. It also uses an AI to grade toxicity, which surely mischaracterizes many interactions.

For example, I have been in communities of a non-political nature, where political discussions occur. These are often about real issues that affect real people in the community, and yet there are people complaining about political content.

To complain about political content is, at best, a very privileged take, demonstrating that you are in a position where politics do not affect you much. At worst, it is actively hostile behavior with the goal of continuing the status quo and shutting down discourse. I would call most of these kinds of comments "toxic", and yet the rhetoric is usually fine, so I doubt an AI would agree.

[-] Kusimulkku@lemm.ee 7 points 6 months ago

I'd say if you are politically engaged, the likelihood of you being in a political internet community is fairly high.

To complain about political content is, at best, a very privileged take, demonstrating that you are in a position where politics do not affect you much.

Could just be that they don't care for politics in that community. Time and place for everything and it seems some feel the time and place for politics is everywhere all the time. It can be tiring. I don't remember what year it was that pretty much every single place was talking about immigration politics. Important topic for sure but a meme community about funny road signs isn't the place for heated soapboxing about closing down the border.

[-] Kichae@lemmy.ca 8 points 6 months ago

The thing is, what a politically engaged person thinks of as "politics" and what a disengaged one does probably has limited overlap. People probably aren't bringing the Tories or the Republicans up in a D&D community, but bring up race portrayal or representation for disabled people and watch the sparks fly.

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[-] HelixDab2@lemm.ee 41 points 6 months ago

See also: hexbear, lemmygrad.

[-] idiocracy@lemmy.zip 13 points 6 months ago
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[-] Yerbouti@lemmy.ml 8 points 6 months ago

AkA Chappo Trap House. I've never received so much hate from a community (expept on the_donald maybe). My crime? I think South Park is fun.

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[-] Chadus_Maximus@lemm.ee 32 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

Doing my best to change this. I am extremely toxic without engaging in political behavior.

[-] onlinepersona@programming.dev 9 points 6 months ago

The first step is knowing there is a problem. Kudos.

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[-] pacology@lemmy.world 29 points 6 months ago

This sounds like the textbook definition of a collider. Meaning that being toxic is the likely “root cause” and that toxic people are more likely to engage in political discourse (because it’s likely going to be toxic anyways? Idk) and they are more likely to comment toxic stuff in general.

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[-] AVincentInSpace@pawb.social 25 points 6 months ago

In a turn of events that comes as a surprise to precisely zero Reddit users...

[-] Something_Complex@lemmy.world 10 points 6 months ago

I think it's the same here on Lenny, ik because I'm one :(

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[-] DragonTypeWyvern@literature.cafe 21 points 6 months ago

Politics leads to stress, stress leads to anger, anger leads to people saying "KYS, fascists, or I'll do it for you."

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[-] uriel238@lemmy.blahaj.zone 16 points 6 months ago

I'm political as fuck.¹ While I try not to be toxic, I will sometimes call out aberrant opinions or counterfactual assumptions when I see them and that can lead to toxic exchanges.

So, yeah, I think the virtue of having strong opinions about things controversial is going to inspire heated exchanges more frequently.

¹ Sex in the US is very political right now.

[-] Alpha71@lemmy.world 6 points 6 months ago

I will sometimes call out aberrant opinions or counterfactual assumptions when I see them

But why though? You're not going to change anybody mind online.

[-] Kichae@lemmy.ca 18 points 6 months ago

Leaving harmful public opinions unchallenged presents the illusion of widespread agreement.

[-] DragonTypeWyvern@literature.cafe 6 points 6 months ago

You're also arguing for the audience, not necessarily the person you're arguing with.

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[-] RememberTheApollo_@lemmy.world 15 points 6 months ago

Maybe you don’t change them, but they shouldn’t get a free pass and be the only voice present.

[-] webadict@lemmy.world 14 points 6 months ago

Because people other than the two arguing read that and learn things. If someone states factually wrong or hurtful information about, say, trans people, I would rather they be corrected than someone think that trans people are anything other than human beings being human beings from that prior comment.

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[-] nadir@lemmy.world 12 points 6 months ago

You never changed your mind because of something you read online?

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[-] Windex007@lemmy.world 15 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

Really curious about the tool they used to quantify "toxicity/disruptive" comments. My initial suspicion would be that political commentary, regardless of human-perceived toxicity, might be biased toward "toxic" by an automated sentiment analysis.

In short: I am suspicious that automated tooling exists to reliably distinguish between toxic and non-toxic political discourse.

[-] deweydecibel@lemmy.world 9 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

We also have to deal with the fact that toxicity has become an almost meaningless label. The way we seem to apply it now, feels like we'd say there was a lot of "toxicity" around the time of the Civil Rights Movement, too. Or even the Civil War.

We've conflated "angry, hateful, bitter, disruptive, belittling" with "caring enough to get upset". There's been study after study trying to blame social media for the rise in "political toxicity", and every last single one of them seems to want to sweetly ignore the context of the moment in time we're living in.

People are acting volatile because there are a lot of volatile events happening that directly affect people's lives. And all these high-minded discussions about how people online are so mean and rude, or how people don't listen to each other anymore, consistently sidestep that very crucial piece of context.

So I ask, what do we mean by "toxic"? Because I have a strong feeling a good deal of women were being real "toxic" on June 24 2022. Why is the story not about why? And why does that deserve to be grouped in with the same toxicity comes from the people responsible?

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[-] nudnyekscentryk@szmer.info 14 points 6 months ago

I think it's the other way round – expressive people are more likely to have strong political opinions

[-] kandoh@reddthat.com 13 points 6 months ago

I like to argue with people about politics. The internet is the safest place to do so.

[-] snek@lemmy.world 11 points 6 months ago

I found myself becoming a lot more toxic the past few weeks, but the carpet bombing of Gaza has gotten me exceptionally angry. A lot of Zionist content is deliberately false and provocative. Not an excuse though.

[-] NuXCOM_90Percent@lemmy.zip 9 points 6 months ago

No shit?

If you are discussing the exploitation of labor and people are bitching and moaning that "lazy devs" are taking too long to release a patch, you aren't going to grin and say how awesome of a burn that was on those losers who just got purged in a layoff. Because social and political issues permeate everything we do. Hell, we have people who are insisting that one of the biggest social media platforms on the planet re-platforming alex jones is "not tech news".

Which gets to the other aspect. Reddit, and Lemmy, has a tendency to never consider the source of a problem. Going back to the lazy devs example: Most moderators have zero issue with "This is trivial to implement and they are wasting their time making trailers or adding new skins". It doesn't violate any rules (and, even if it does, you can't gather that from just the single comment). But when someone points out how toxic that narrative is? Suddenly this becomes a flame war (because nobody can accept they might not be perfect) and the entire branch gets nuked... except that initial lazy devs commentary is still there.

Sometimes that is intentional by the moderators (the lemmy.world 3d printing board has some good examples of that...). Mostly it is just because... being a moderator sucks and it is rare that a burst of traffic doesn't involve a disproportionate burst of flaming and trolling. So suddenly they are inundated with angry people from all around whereas last week they had just a few porn posts a day.

But pretty much all of this is an extension of "tone policing". Someone saying the world would be a better place if you and everyone like you were executed or enslaved? Better be careful how you respond. If you don't smile enough, then YOU are the problem. So lighten up and learn that both sides have a point and maybe you should be the bigger person and only breathe 20% of the day instead of 90%.

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[-] Grangle1@lemm.ee 8 points 6 months ago

This just in, the sky is blue and the Pope is Catholic.

[-] schnurrito@discuss.tchncs.de 8 points 6 months ago

The sky is currently black where I am, stop spreading disinformation

[-] SnotFlickerman@lemmy.blahaj.zone 7 points 6 months ago

but if the Pope shits in the woods, and no one is around, does it make a sound?

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[-] pinkdrunkenelephants@lemmy.world 8 points 6 months ago

In other news, water is wet.

[-] skillissuer@discuss.tchncs.de 7 points 6 months ago

they needed a study for that?

[-] voidMainVoid@lemmy.world 7 points 6 months ago

It's worth studying even things that seem obvious, because sometimes what seems obvious is wrong. And the only way you're going to find out is if you study it.

[-] cheese_greater@lemmy.world 6 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

None of us are unguilty, not one

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this post was submitted on 11 Dec 2023
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