this post was submitted on 24 Mar 2024
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The French Wars of Religion (1562-1598) were a series of eight conflicts between Protestant and Catholic factions in France lasting 36 years, The fighting ended in 1598 when Henry of Navarre, who had converted to Catholicism in 1593, was proclaimed Henry IV of France and issued the Edict of Nantes, which granted substantial rights and freedoms to the Huguenots. However, Catholics continued to have a hostile opinion of Protestants in general and of Henry, and his assassination in 1610 triggered a fresh round of Huguenot rebellions in the 1620s.

Tensions had been rising between Protestants and Catholics since 1534 but the religious and political situation worsened after Henry II (r. 1547-1559) died from an injury. His son, Francois II (Francis II, r. 1559-1560), crowned king at the age of 15, had been married to Mary, Queen of Scots (l. 1542-1587) who was the niece of Francis, Duke of Guise (l. 1519-1563) and his brother Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine (l. 1524-1574). Although Francis II was of age to rule on his own, his mother, Catherine de ‘Medici (l. 1519-1589) encouraged the Guise brothers to assume control as Francis II was inexperienced and sickly.

The House of Guise, devoutly Catholic, then exercised the power behind the throne and were hostile to the efforts of the Huguenots (French Protestants) who were advancing their vision in France. In March 1560, a group of Huguenots tried to kidnap Francis II to remove him from the influence of the Guise brothers. The plot, known as the Amboise Conspiracy, was discovered and anyone thought to be involved, as well as over 1,000 other Huguenots, were executed. In retaliation, Huguenots began vandalizing Catholic churches and rising tensions led to the Massacre of Vassy in March of 1562, in which Catholics killed more Protestants, starting the first war.

Conflict continued, with periods of armed peace between hostilities, until 1598 when King Henry IV, recognizing that France would never accept a Protestant king, converted to Catholicism (allegedly, with the famous line, “Paris is well worth a Mass”). His Edict of Nantes (1598), granting rights to Protestants in France while maintaining Catholic sovereignty, ended the French Wars of Religion (which had cost approximately 4 million lives) but did not address the underlying tensions which continued to erupt throughout the next century.

French Wars of Religion - World History Encyclopedia :france-cool:

French Wars of Religion - Comprehensive Documentary - Pike & Shot Channel :macron:

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[–] iridaniotter@hexbear.net 27 points 6 months ago (2 children)

Soviet industry is so powerful that even thirty years after its death, it's still holding up the rest of the world's nuclear energy capabilities.

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[–] asa_red_heathen@hexbear.net 27 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago) (6 children)

I dont think enough people truly realize just how mind numbing and incomprehensibly evil the idea of eternal punishment is. Being born into a culture or religion that supports such an idea sort of numbs us to really trying to wrap our minds around it.

Humans cannot even truly comprehend eternity outside abstractions. Any attempt to contextualize it within our finite frame of reference will fall infinitely short of just how long eternity is. The life span of a billion universes and a single picosecond are both equally infinitely less than eternity. We cant even think about a thing without an end, because eventually you have to stop thinking about it.

And a large number if not majority of religions believe in the concept of eternal punishment. Its insane.

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[–] moonlake@hexbear.net 25 points 6 months ago (3 children)

I think I should just become hot. That's gonna solve all of my problems

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[–] autismdragon@hexbear.net 24 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago) (1 children)

Lmao "debate of the day". Bird app left is incapable of engaging in subjects that matter. Debating the least powerful religious group on the planet is such an obvious waste of time. Who cares? Non-nazi pagans are completely harmless. Oh but "they're cringe lapers" ok how does that effect you?

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[–] IMF_DOOM@hexbear.net 24 points 6 months ago (1 children)

had a nafo mf come into my replies doing genocide denial because i said on normie lemmy that i didnt like biden banning pride flags from american embassies. most reddit nerd version of fascism possible.

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[–] DayOfDoom@hexbear.net 24 points 6 months ago (2 children)

My male parental unit is openly saying 'I'm glad the new neighbours will be white. And their kids go to a Christian school' like, I'm a fucking communist who supports church burnings, dude. Why are you telling me this.

[–] DayOfDoom@hexbear.net 23 points 6 months ago

"at least they're not city-iots, because all they do is complain"
-guy who always complains

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[–] WhoaSlowDownMaurice@hexbear.net 24 points 6 months ago (2 children)

about to head out to my first interview of today, wish me luck

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[–] hexaflexagonbear@hexbear.net 23 points 6 months ago

I love posting eastern bloc housing to fear monger over a policy to increase housing. Ridiculous on its face, but also your critique is that it's bland and boring? Sleep outside in the winter for one night motherfucker.

[–] ButtBidet@hexbear.net 23 points 6 months ago (3 children)

Did anyone else find their way to communism because the absolute worst people in society are rabidly anti-communist? Or is it just me?

[–] TheDialectic@hexbear.net 16 points 6 months ago

It does help find the path that it is the only one without nazis

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[–] GinAndJuche@hexbear.net 23 points 6 months ago (9 children)

The overwhelmingly urge to kill the person who left the door open and let my cat out a couple days ago. She still don’t back, I’ve left out food, I’ve been losing hours of sleep walking around calling her…

If she isn’t back ever I’m doing something immoral if not illegal

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[–] Melina@hexbear.net 23 points 6 months ago (2 children)

this is what you see in the reflection of your DS lite when the screen goes black

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[–] SoylentSnake@hexbear.net 22 points 6 months ago (2 children)

whenever anyone has alluded to struggle sessions in the last year or so im just chillin like comfy and squidward-chill cuz ive become such a megathread head that i mostly insulate myself from all that

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[–] Parzivus@hexbear.net 22 points 6 months ago (2 children)

Searched for the video of Obama saying "pussy 2" on youtube and it popped up with a link to Snopes. "Mostly False: Obama did say that but he was quoting someone."
Like yeah obviously it was a quote but he literally said it. They're so shameless with how they apply true/false labels to stuff

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[–] AntiOutsideAktion@hexbear.net 22 points 6 months ago (3 children)

Am I being overly dramatic or did my landlord commit fraud against me when I moved in and he said that the hallway bathroom would be shared between me and my other roommate, and he ends up using it too? Like leaving shit unflushed and taking 2 hour long baths in there?

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[–] ButtBidet@hexbear.net 21 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago) (9 children)

I know that I should know better. But a reddit-logo sub I'm part of had a bunch of threads attacking Muslims and immigrants. I report it, call the dudes out on it, and I get the ban. I know that I'm an old man, but it feels that the line of what's racism has shifted so much in the last few years.

Also fuck Reddit

[–] Xx_Aru_xX@hexbear.net 17 points 6 months ago (3 children)

Liberals will a see a group of people being genocided and they become more bigotted towards them as a coping mechanism

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[–] DayOfDoom@hexbear.net 21 points 6 months ago (2 children)

Entire site suspiciously becomes sex-negative the moment it's revealed I've found true love with the site admin.

[–] Cromalin@hexbear.net 20 points 6 months ago (4 children)

the site has always been anti-sex, the volcel police state has been here from the beginning

[–] keepcarrot@hexbear.net 20 points 6 months ago (2 children)

Reflections on vaushite chasers on r/cth and seedy behaviour from men towards fem revolutionaries. Also a lot of self-doxing on the discord. It does mark us out from a lot of (secular) online spaces

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[–] DayOfDoom@hexbear.net 16 points 6 months ago

"No, no, sex and sex-making is bad, actually. Definitely don't consummate the marriage and become our ruler-in-law."

[–] GinAndJuche@hexbear.net 20 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago) (2 children)

I put out the litter box and an open can of food next to an open door (damage is done, might as well hope she comes back in the same way). I walked the area calling her (RIP neighbors sleep) not sorry.

Imma ruin this persons life if the kitty is permanently lost. I fucking hate idiots that can’t respect simple things like “if you leave a door open my pet might die”.

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[–] TraumaDumpling@hexbear.net 20 points 6 months ago (4 children)

unintentionally upholding my volcel pledge to keep my vital essence to myself because seeing porn or thinking about sex just reminds me of how bereft my reality is of human intimacy.

mild NSFW language and gratuitous trauma dumpingpleases pardon the potentially objectifying language and implicit relevant brainworms, but pussy may as well not exist on the same plane as me, like unicorns or a job thats not soul-sucking or those weird lizard guys that live on the elemental plane of chaos in dnd 3.5. i lie in bed staring at the same ceiling thinking the same lonely thoughts i did when i was 16, wondering if someone would ever love me or at least think i'm attractive. at least i've been in and out of shorter relationships (the same relationship in fact, and a very gay and happy one at that) in between but it doesn't really help with present feelings. i still feel left out, dehumanized, and intensely jealous of those around me in relationships. i still avoid references to sex in media and conversation as much as i can because it just makes me upset and detached. my weird personality, niche interests, idiosyncratic beliefs, PTSD, social anxiety, financial situation, employment status, housing situation, and probably more, all conspire to isolate and alienate. TLDR i am an incredibly sexually frustrated and pathetic lonely man on the verge of 'old' ness, terrified by the prospect of aging as i fail to do any of the things i wanted in life while my body worked and looked acceptable. what a shallow narcissistic husk of a person i am.

[–] wtypstanaccount04@hexbear.net 17 points 6 months ago

You are not alone comrade, I want you to know that. Care-Comrade I feel a similar way sometimes, being 28 and alone. Do know that being lonely is not a crime, nor is feeling sad when others around you are happy. It's ok to be sad about this.

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[–] ButtBidet@hexbear.net 20 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago) (1 children)

So I'm hanging out with this friend over the weekend. And she's complaining about this guy she dated recently and how he's a bit sus. So many many minutes into the convo, she repeats his story about how it's hard to be a landlord. Because he has this tenant who's a new single mom with two kids and he's having to take her to court to remove her evict her for being behind on payments. And I'm like

emilie-come-on

Oh I wonder why he's a massive fuckwad? I get that my friend is a lib, but I tell her to stay away from the landparasite.

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[–] Dolores@hexbear.net 20 points 6 months ago

just absent-mindedly thought to compare how much the US spends to detain immigrants against cost of living in central america, it's staggering 157$ a day they spend to cage someone can feed a family of four in Honduras? what the fuck

[–] keepcarrot@hexbear.net 19 points 6 months ago (1 children)

Spent today mostly using a mill and lathe. Real proletarian hours

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[–] HarryLime@hexbear.net 19 points 6 months ago (2 children)
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[–] someone@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

So I got very little sleep due to someone somewhere in my apartment building playing generic party music until 6am. And now it's my normal wake-up time. I've been up for 4 hours basically just lounging in bed reading Icebreaker by Hannah Grace, which has not at all helped on the "calming down" thing. Especially after the chapter 13 Uber scene. sweat

Dear fellow cis dudes: Just give up on the video porn. You want something really horny? Absolutely nothing compares to smutty books. This is the good stuff.

Going to re-try the local LGBT+ activist group's weekly public meet-and-greet at a local pub now that it's not St. Patrick's Day. I'm not at all good with that sort of "solo with strangers in a loud indoor environment" kind of situation. I get nervous as hell. But dammit, I'm done with having no social life, I'm gonna go out and meet people. And I'm not going to hold myself to any timeframe commitment. If I've had my fill in 30 minutes then I'll take that as a victory, because it's 30 more minutes of sociability than I would otherwise have had.

Maybe the anger of the "UNTS UNTS UNTS" all night ruining my sleep combined with the way Icebreaker launched my libido into warp factor 8 is making me more adventurous and sociable and also kinda not caring about consequences of my actions today.

Update, so I managed about 15 minutes at the pub before the early signs of a panic attack started kicking in and I needed to leave. I'll try going to one of their public non-pub events sometime.

[–] Yor@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago (2 children)

My cat's been sleeping on me long enough to get the occasional twitches during his REM cycle. I wonder what he dreams about

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[–] ashinadash@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago (1 children)

Managed not to say "you too" to the cab driver lady who wished me luck with the dentist's. Staying winning obvs pineapple-stroll

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[–] hexaflexagonbear@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago

America is using economic coercion against Palestinians to ensure they don't report on war crimes.

[–] Frank@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago (2 children)

I got banned from an Anthropology sub for telling someone asking about jobs in the field all kinds of ways to lie and cheat your way in to a paycheck, and also encouraging them to skip out on their debts and use their knowledge to become a revolutionary.

The ask anthropology sub really bothers me sometimes. There are always students asking for job and career advice and so often the answer is to go in to marketing or some other corporate job and use the knowledge you've been given to lie and manipulate and hurt people in the name of capitalism. It's exactly the opposite of what we should be doing and it breaks my heart that kids are being given this advice.

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[–] Frank@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago (1 children)

CW: Ableism rant

spoilerRan in to some "You're not disabled right now so you must be faking it". Someone heard me laughing on discord and decided I'm not "really" depressed. Really frustrating. one, because I'm not depressed at a steady level all day every day, it fluctuates, sometimes i get a better hour in somewhere. Two, because laughing is healthier, and less frightening to people around me, than screaming. Three, because part of coping with disability is learning where your limits are and then not trying to push past those limits and wrecking yourself. Sometimes I don't "look disabled" because I found out where the limits are where my disability becomes disabling, and after decades of deprogamming myself from the idea that my disability shows laziness or moral failure, I don't try to smash my head through a brick wall any more just to prove the legitimacy of my suffering.

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[–] Frank@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago (2 children)

Bill Gates can eat my shit and hair.

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[–] Taster_Of_Treats@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

The demonrats in my city scheduled the presidential primary on a SATURDAY FROM 8 AM TO NOON.

They are so fucking scared of a populace that refuses to vote for a genocidal zombie that they would rather you not vote at all.

I thought they wanted me to :vote:?

Unless you are young enough to be out late on a Friday. Then you don't get to participate.

[–] WhyEssEff@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago) (1 children)

^ prior mentioned debatejak fan who has been defending Israel like he's in the keyboard warrior branch of the IDF

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[–] TheSpectreOfGay@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago

ugh im so anxious all of the time now, how the fuck do people function, i don't get it

[–] Yor@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago

There's really no better feeling than the progression beating a transphobe in CS2

playful slurs

they start getting shit on

very aggressive slurs

still losing

"I'm actually not even trying"

last round before losing

[silence]

[–] khizuo@hexbear.net 18 points 6 months ago (2 children)

I love CGTN’s documentaries tbh. They have a 100-episode series on the history of China from the origins of Chinese civilization as we know it to the end of the qing dynasty. They have a series on the Long March and also one on the history of the CPC. Also watching their docs on China’s infrastructure projects is super inspiring. They released a new documents tryrecently about China’s democratic process. I’m having a great time lol so many things to watch.

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[–] viva_la_juche@hexbear.net 17 points 6 months ago

Anyway I got a gym membership so we back on our swoletariat shit

[–] jimmyjohnsandwichfive@hexbear.net 17 points 6 months ago (6 children)

my brother was going on about how women in western games are ugly and stupid shit like that and I told him he sounded like asmongold and he got really pissed off at me lmao

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[–] wombat@hexbear.net 17 points 6 months ago (1 children)

it is march 26 and stalin saved the world from fascism

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[–] WhyEssEff@hexbear.net 17 points 6 months ago (1 children)
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[–] Teekeeus@hexbear.net 16 points 6 months ago (3 children)

Maybe I'm a low-brow plebian but I don't need to consoom media that's sophisticated or deep or thought provoking with complex writing

Life is troublesome enough, I just want stuff that's entertaining/enjoyable so I can relax

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[–] Frogmanfromlake@hexbear.net 16 points 6 months ago (7 children)

Watching old anime AMV’s is making me wonder if Linkin Park is actually any good. Are they worth looking into?

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[–] PaX@hexbear.net 16 points 6 months ago

I wish every Hexbear a very meow-hug

[–] Moss@hexbear.net 16 points 6 months ago (1 children)

My neck is so fucking WIDE, it's the same width as my head. I hate it. It looks like there's no boundary at all between my neck and my face. But as far as I know there's no way to make a neck smaller in circumference other than surgery, and I don't wanna do that. So I just have this big stupid neck

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